Clinical Interviewing

The classic text presenting proven, practical strategies for conducting effective interviews Clinical Interviewing —now in its Fifth Edition— guides clinicians through elementary listening skills onward to more advanced, complex clinical assessment processes such as intake interviewing, mental status examination, and suicide assessment. Clinical Interviewing has been updated with the latest content from the DSM–5, including: Defining psychological and emotional disorders (Chapter 6: An Overview of the Interview Process) Diagnostic impressions (Chapter 7: Intake Interviewing and Report Writing) Assessing for depression (Chapter 9: Suicide Assessment) History and evolution of the DSM, defining mental disorders, specific diagnostic criteria, diagnostic assessment, diagnostic interviewing, and using diagnostic checklists (Chapter 10: Diagnosis and Treatment Planning) Violence assessment (Chapter 12: Challenging Clients and Demanding Situations) Featuring an accompanying DVD with real–life scenarios of actual counselors and clients demonstrating techniques for effective clinical interviews, the new edition presents: A greater emphasis on collaborative goal setting and the client as expert New discussion on multicultural orientation and multicultural competency Non–face–to–face assessment and interviewing—including a structured protocol–– via email, telephone, texting, videoconferencing/Skype, instant messaging, and online chatting An increased focus on case formulation and treatment planning. Table of Contents DVD Contents xi Preface xiii Acknowledgments xix About the Authors xxi PART ONE BECOMING A MENTAL HEALTH PROFESSIONAL 1 Chapter 1 Introduction: Philosophy and Organization 3 Welcome to the Journey 4 Theoretical Orientations 8 Goals and Objectives of This Book 19 Summary 19 Suggested Readings and Resources 20 Chapter 2 Foundations and Preparations 21 Defining Clinical Interviewing 22 Self–Awareness 30 The Physical Setting 36 Professional and Ethical Issues 43 Summary 55 Suggested Readings and Resources 56 PART TWO LISTENING AND RELATIONSHIP DEVELOPMENT 57 Chapter 3 Basic Attending, Listening, and Action Skills 59 Attending Behavior 60 Moving Beyond Attending 68 Nondirective Listening Behaviors 70 The Pull to Reassurance 83 Directive Listening Behaviors 84 Summary 94 Suggested Readings and Resources 95 Chapter 4 Directives: Questions and Action Skills 97 Section One: Using General and Therapeutic Questions 98 Section Two: Directive Interviewing Techniques (AKA Directives) 116 Summary 133 Suggested Readings and Resources 134 Chapter 5 Evidence–Based Relationships 135 Carl Rogers’s Core Conditions 136 Evidence–Based Psychoanalytic and Interpersonal Relationship Concepts 149 Additional Theoretical– and Evidence–Based Concepts Related to the Therapeutic Relationship 160 Concluding Comments 166 Summary 166 Suggested Readings and Resources 167 PART THREE STRUCTURING AND ASSESSMENT 169 Chapter 6 An Overview of the Interview Process 171 Structural Models 172 The Introduction: First Contact 173 The Opening 183 The Body 191 The Closing 196 Termination 202 Summary 205 Suggested Readings and Resources 205 Chapter 7 Intake Interviewing and Report Writing 207 What Is an Intake Interview? 207 Objectives of Intake Interviewing 208 Factors Affecting Intake Interview Procedures 227 Brief Intake Interviewing 228 The Intake Report 230 Summary 246 Suggested Readings and Resources 247 Chapter 8 The Mental Status Examination 249 Objectivity 250 What Is a Mental Status Examination? 250 The Generic Mental Status Examination 252 When to Use Mental Status Examinations 283 Summary 285 Suggested Readings and Resources 286 Chapter 9 Suicide Assessment 289 Personal Reactions to Suicide 290 Suicide Statistics 291 Suicide Risk Factors 292 Suicide Assessment Interviewing 302 Suicide Intervention 317 Professional Issues 322 Summary 325 Suggested Readings and Resources 327 Chapter 10 Diagnosis and Treatment Planning 329 Principles of Psychiatric Diagnosis 329 Diagnostic Assessment: Methods and Procedures 337 The Science of Clinical Interviewing: Diagnostic Reliability and Validity 339 A Balanced Approach to Conducting Diagnostic Clinical Interviews 341 Treatment Planning 347 Summary 360 Suggested Readings and Resources 361 PART FOUR INTERVIEWING SPECIAL POPULATIONS 363 Chapter 11 Interviewing in a Diverse and Multicultural World 365 Four Large Worldviews 367 Other Diverse Client Populations 383 Cultural Complexities and Identities 390 Assessment and Culture–Bound Syndromes 391 Professional Considerations 395 Summary 397 Suggested Readings and Resources 397 Chapter 12 Challenging Clients and Demanding Situations 399 Challenging Clients 400 Demanding Situations: Crisis and Trauma 419 Summary 430 Suggested Readings and Resources 431 Chapter 13 Interviewing and Working With Young Clients 433 Considerations in Working With Children 434 The Introduction 435 The Opening 438 The Body of the Interview 449 The Closing 461 Termination 464 Summary 464 Suggested Readings and Resources 465 Chapter 14 Principles and Tips for Interviewing Couples and Families 467 Some Ironies of Interviewing Couples and Families 468 Interviewing Stages and Tasks 470 Special Considerations 492 Summary 502 Suggested Readings and Resources 502 Chapter 15 Interviewing in Online and Other Non–Face–to–Face (Non–FtF) Environments 505 Technology as an Extension of the Self 506 Non–FtF Assessment and Intervention Research 512 Ethical and Practical Issues: Problems and Solutions 516 Conducting Online or Non–FtF Interviews 522 Summary 525 Suggested Online Training Resources 526 Appendix: Extended Mental Status Examination—Interview Protocol 527 References 537 Author Index 581 Subject Index 591 About the DVD 597